A family shopping for a private college counselor will hear hourly rates starting around a hundred dollars and total fees that climb well past six figures, often for what sounds like the same service, and most of the people quoting those prices will not put a number in writing until you have sat through a call.

I should say at the start that I am a college counselor, which means this is a post about the price of the thing I sell. My own rates are published on this website, where I think everyone's should be, and I have tried to write what follows the way I would want it written if I were the one doing the hiring.

The range, plainly. Most independent counselors working on their own charge somewhere between $200 and $300 an hour, with plenty above that. Former admissions officers charge more still, on the strength of their years inside the offices that make the decisions. Comprehensive packages, the kind that carry a student from the college list through the last submitted application, average around $6,500 nationally, with most families landing between $4,000 and $12,000. Families in New York, San Francisco, and Los Angeles pay 40 to 60 percent above those averages. And at the top of the market there are firms charging $25,000, $50,000, and beyond, sums that buy more staff, though no more influence over any admissions committee than anyone else has, which is none.

Why the range is so wide. Partly it is experience, and partly geography, but mostly it is that families are not all buying the same thing. A large firm's fee covers its marketing, its sales staff, and a roster of counselors of varying seniority, and the person who impresses you on the introductory call is frequently not the person who will meet with your child in October. A counselor working alone is selling two things, experience and time, and the fee is easier to understand for exactly that reason. The rest of the spread comes from packaging. A price attached to a promise of prestige can float almost anywhere, because the family has no way to check it, and the firms at the top of the market understand this very well.

The arithmetic that cuts through it. Whatever the package, divide the price by the hours a counselor will actually spend with your child. Six thousand dollars for twenty-two meetings is a different purchase than six thousand dollars for ten, and a $15,000 package that works out to $400 an hour with a junior associate is a worse deal than a $6,000 package at $275 an hour with the person whose name is on the door. Counselors know this math. Families should do it too, which brings me to the questions.

Who will actually meet with my child? This is the first question because everything else depends on it. Ask for the name of the specific counselor, their experience, and whether the essay work will be handed to someone else. At a firm, the answer is often a team, and a team can be a real advantage, but it is worth knowing exactly who on it will be reading your child's most personal writing, and how long that person has been doing this work.

How many students do you take each year? Attention is the product. A counselor with fifteen students can read every draft, and a counselor with sixty cannot. There is no correct number, but there is a number, and anyone doing this work can tell you theirs without pausing.

What does the calendar look like? Ask when meetings happen, how often, and when the essay work begins. A senior who starts the personal statement in September is writing supplements in a panic by Halloween, so the shape of the calendar tells you more about a counselor's judgment than any testimonial will. Ask also what happens after the applications go in, since decisions arrive from December through April and a family often needs the most level-headed conversation of the entire process in the spring.

What is included, and what costs extra? Some packages cover a set number of schools or essays and bill beyond it. Some charge separately for the meetings that follow acceptances. None of this is wrong, but all of it belongs in writing before anything is signed, so that the price a family agrees to in the spring is still the price they are paying the following March.

Who holds the pen? Admissions readers spend their days with seventeen-year-old writing and can hear an adult's hand in a sentence the way a teacher can. A counselor's answer to this question should describe questions, conversation, and revision, with the student doing the writing. If the answer describes anything closer to production, the essays will be smoother and worse.

What do you promise? The honest answer is a process, and only a process. The professional associations in this field, IECA and HECA among them, bar their members from guaranteeing admission to any college, for the simple reason that no counselor controls an admissions committee. A guarantee, a claimed acceptance rate at famous schools, or heavy talk of connections in admissions offices is a reason to keep looking, since the associations wrote that rule precisely because no one can deliver on those promises.

Will you put your prices in writing before we talk? A counselor confident in the value of the work has no reason to hide the cost of it, and a family deserves to know the number before they have invested an hour of conversation in the relationship. When the price appears only at the end of a consultation, ask yourself what the consultation was for.

Whether you need one at all. Plenty of students do not. A strong writer with organized parents, a manageable list, and a school counselor who has time for them can run this process well, and a few hours of targeted help with the essays may be all the outside support that is necessary. The reason this industry exists is that the average school counselor is responsible for one hundred to four hundred students, and the college conversation a family needs simply cannot happen at that scale. Hiring help is a reasonable response to that reality, and so is deciding you do not need it.

What this means for a family starting the search. Do the per-hour arithmetic on every package you are quoted, ask the questions above on the introductory call, and notice which ones get a direct answer. That call is an interview running in both directions, and the counselors worth hiring treat it that way, because they are deciding whether the fit is right just as much as you are.

Judd Shapiro is the founder of Clearing, an independent college counseling practice. He chaired a high school English department for 25 years and works with a small number of families each year, nationwide. Learn more at clearing-cbc.com.